Get to know the authorThe US taxes all American citizens on their worldwide income, including Americans living abroad.
For American expats, this requirement to file from overseas can create significant headaches. These include, for many expats: currency conversions, having to file foreign and US taxes and so risking double taxation, and difficulties accessing local banking and other financial services abroad (as foreign banks can be hesitant to take on American clients, whom they have to report to the US government).
Thankfully, while all Americans who meet IRS minimum income thresholds (which start at just $5 for many expats married to a foreigner) have to file, expats can access and claim all the same tax deductions as Americans filing in the States.
In fact, they can claim more, as some deductions, credits, and exclusions are specifically intended to benefit Americans abroad. In this article we look at some of the best expat tax deductions.
The Foreign Tax Credit
Expats who pay foreign income taxes can claim the Foreign Tax Credit by filing Form 1116. The Foreign Tax Credit provides a $1 US tax credit for every dollar equivalent value that they’ve paid in foreign income tax.
For Americans who pay a higher rate of foreign income tax in the country where they live, claiming this single provision can eradicate their US tax bill entirely.
The US Child Tax Credit
There’s more good news for US expat parents who claim the Foreign Tax Credit, as they can also claim the Child Tax Credit on Form 1040.
The Child Tax Credit is worth a $2,000 US tax credit (for 2020) per dependent child under age 17 who has a US social security number. However, expats who have already eradicated their US tax bill using the Foreign Tax Credit receive a $1,400 tax refund per child instead.
“Several new tax benefits took effect for 2020, too – such as a $300 tax break for charitable contributions if you don’t itemize” – US News
Furthermore, these figures are rising for the 2021 tax year to $3,000 per child, all of which is refundable.
The Foreign Earned Income Exclusion
The Foreign Earned Income Exclusion allows expats an alternative way of reducing their US tax bill.
Claimed on Form 2555, the Foreign Earned Income Exclusion allows expats to exclude the first $107,600 (in 2020) of their earned income from US tax. The amount will rise to $108,700 for the 2021 tax year.
The Foreign Housing Exclusion
Expats who claim the Foreign Earned Income Exclusion, who rent a home abroad, and who earn more than the maximum FEIE excludable income amount can also claim the Foreign Housing Exclusion on Form 2555. The Foreign Housing Exclusion lets them further exclude a proportion of their housing rental expenses from US tax. The exact amount depends on where they live, and how much their rental expenses are.
What are the best deductions for expats?
The majority of Americans living abroad eradicate their US tax bill using either the Foreign Tax Credit or the Foreign Earned Income Exclusion. Those who do however may be eligible to claim some other deductions, depending on their circumstances. In general, expats can claim the same deductions as Americans living in the US. These include:
- The Medical Expenses Deduction
- The Charitable Donations Deduction
- The Mortgage Interest Deductions
- The Gambling Interest Deduction
- The IRA Contributions Deduction
- The 401(k) Contributions Deduction
- The Mortgage Interest Deduction
- The Student Loan Interest Deduction
- The Home Office Deduction
- The Property Tax Deduction
There are also a range of deductions available for self-employed or freelancer expats.
Other IRS tax credits available to expats include:
- The American Opportunity Credit
- The Lifetime Learning Credit
- The Child and Dependent Care Tax Credit
- The Saver’s Credit
- Foreign Corporation Tax Credits
Filing from abroad is more complex than filing from the States, especially ensuring that you are filing in the most beneficial way possible given your personal and financial situation.
Aside from filing US taxes, there are also additional US reporting requirements relating to foreign registered bank accounts, investments, and business interests.
Working with an expat tax specialist gives you the reassurance of knowing that you will not only fulfill all the legal requirements, but that you will file to your optimum benefit.
Americans living abroad who are behind with their US tax filing and reporting can often catch up without facing penalties under an IRS amnesty program called the Streamlined Procedure.
