Get to know the authorIt has been estimated that there are several thousand Americans living in Bahrain.
Living in Bahrain is an incredible experience for a number of reasons, including the beaches, the thriving expat community, the quality of life, and the history and culture. As an American expatriate living in Bahrain though, what exactly do you need to know regarding filing US expat (and Bahraini) taxes?
All US citizens and green card holders who earn a minimum of around $10,000 (or just $400 for self-employed individuals) anywhere in the world are required to file a US federal tax return and pay taxes to the IRS, regardless of where in the world they live or their income is generated.
The good news is if you are paying income tax in Bahrain, there are various exclusions and exemptions available to prevent you paying tax on the same income to the IRS too.
US taxes – what you need to know
If you earn over US$10,000 (or just $400 of self-employment income), wherever the income originates in the world you have to file IRS form 1040. While any US taxes due are still due by April 15th, expats get an automatic filing extension until June 15th, which can be extended further on request until October 15th.
If you have overseas assets worth over US$200,000 per person, excluding your home if it is owned in your own name, you also have to file form 8938 to declare them.
If you had a total of at least US$10,000 in one or more foreign bank and/or investment accounts at any time during the tax year, you also have to file FinCEN form 114, otherwise known as a Foreign Bank Account Report or FBAR.
“There is no personal income tax (PIT) regime in Bahrain, however individuals employed in the Kingdom of Bahrain are subject to contributions to the Social Insurance Organisation (SIO).” – PwC
If you pay income tax in Bahrain, there are several exemptions that allow you to pay less or no US income tax on the same income to the IRS. The main one is the Foreign Earned Income Exclusion, which lets you exclude the first around US$100,000 of foreign earned income from US tax if you can prove that you are a Bahraini resident. Remember though that even if you don’t owe any tax to the IRS, if your income is over US$10,000 (or $400 if you’re self-employed) you still have to file a federal return.
The US and Bahraini governments share taxpayer info, and Bahraini banks pass on US account holders’ account info to the IRS, so it’s not worth not filing or omitting anything on your return. The penalties for incorrect or incomplete filing for expats are steep to say the least.
If you’re a US citizen, green card holder, or US/Bahraini dual citizen, and you have been living in Bahrain but you didn’t know you had to file a US tax return, don’t worry: there’s a program called the IRS Streamlined Procedure that allows you to catch up on your filing without paying any penalties. Don’t delay though, in case the IRS comes to you first.
Bahraini taxes – what you need to know
There is currently no income tax in Bahrain. Bahraini residents pay social security taxes on income sourced in Bahrain however, though these are low for expats (4%). Capital gains are only taxed if they are paid in Bahrain, while VAT was introduced in 2019 at a 5% rate.
As there are no income taxes, there is no Bahraini tax filing requirement.
We strongly recommend that if you have any doubts or questions about your tax situation as a US expat living in Bahrain that you contact a US expat tax specialist.
