What Americans Living in Costa Rica Need to Know in 2025

If you’ve ever daydreamed about swapping rush hour traffic for toucans and monkeys, you’re not alone. Americans living in Costa Rica are discovering that the country’s famous pura vida philosophy isn’t just a slogan—it’s a lifestyle. Think year-round sunshine, beaches on both coasts, misty rainforests, and a daily pace that moves about as fast as a hammock swaying in the breeze.

Costa Rica has become a magnet for U.S. expats, offering a rare combo: relatively low cost of living, high quality of life, and a welcoming community where English is increasingly common. For many, it’s not just a move abroad—it’s a reset button.

Visa and residency requirements for U.S. Citizens

When it comes to visas, Costa Rica isn’t a one-size-fits-all kind of place. Americans living in Costa Rica have a menu of options depending on whether you’re a retiree, remote worker, or big spender with dreams of palm trees and property.

• Digital Nomad Visa: Perfect for remote workers who want to code, write, or Zoom from Tamarindo’s beautiful beaches instead of a cubicle. Costa Rica’s digital nomad visa requires proof of steady monthly income.
• Pensionado (Retiree): If you collect Social Security or another pension, this is your golden ticket. Costa Rica welcomes retirees with reliable income and offers access to the public healthcare system.
• Rentista: For those with investment income or savings who want to show they can support themselves.
• Inversionista (Investor): Think pure life with a side of property ownership—you’ll need to make a qualifying investment.
• Temporary residency: The catch-all for folks testing the waters before committing to permanent resident status.

The process usually involves proving income, opening a Costa Rican bank account, and wading through the legal paperwork. Spanish fluency helps, but plenty of English-speaking professionals and officials make the path smoother.

Cost of living in Costa Rica

The “low cost” reputation of Costa Rica is only partly true. Some things—like fresh produce, public transportation, and domestic services—are significantly cheaper than in the U.S. Others—like cars, electronics, and imported foods—can cost more.

• Housing: Typical asking rents for a modern 2-bed in greater San José are around $1,000–$2,200+, with prime suburbs commonly above $1,300 (e.g., Escazú ≈ $1,725, Santa Ana ≈ $1,300). Buying property is possible for U.S. citizens, but closing costs and legal fees add up.
• Utilities: Electricity is notoriously pricey thanks to air conditioning. Internet is widely available and relatively cheap compared to U.S. rates.
• Groceries: Local fruit, vegetables, and fish are inexpensive. Imported wine, cereal, or snacks will make you nostalgic for Costco prices.
• Healthcare: Public healthcare (Caja) is affordable and available to permanent residents, but many expats also carry private insurance—expect $100–$300 per month depending on coverage.
• Transportation: Buses are cheap and reliable; owning a car is costly thanks to import taxes and high fuel prices.

Bottom line? Many expats say they save compared to living in the U.S., but Costa Rica isn’t a “$500-a-month paradise.” Think modest but comfortable, not tropical bargain bin.

Healthcare in Costa Rica: What expats need to know

Costa Rica takes healthcare seriously—so seriously, in fact, that its Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social (Caja) is one of the most comprehensive universal systems in Central America. As a legal resident, you’ll be required to join the Caja, paying monthly contributions based on your income. Once you’re in, you get access to doctors, hospitals, and medications across the country.

That said, many Americans living in Costa Rica also carry private health insurance. Why? Because while Caja is affordable and high quality, it comes with long waits and the occasional bureaucratic shuffle. Private hospitals in San José and Liberia offer shorter lines, English-speaking doctors, and modern facilities—and prices are still far below what you’d pay back home in the U.S.

A few practical notes for expats:

• Enrollment: You must register with your local clinic after obtaining residency. Skipping this step means no coverage.
• Geography matters: In rural areas, the nearest Caja clinic might be a bus ride (or two) away, and specialized care often requires a trip to the capital.
• Climate considerations: The rainy season brings more than mudslides—it can also mean an uptick in dengue and other tropical diseases. Many expats in coastal towns keep a trusted private doctor on call for peace of mind.

Costa Rica’s healthcare is often compared with nearby Panama’s, and both countries score high with expats. But Costa Rica wins extra points for balancing affordability with quality, making it a cornerstone of the pura vida lifestyle.

Taxes for Americans living in Costa Rica

Sorry, expats—just because you’ve swapped snow boots for sandals doesn’t mean you’ve escaped the IRS. U.S. citizens must file an annual U.S. tax return no matter where in Latin America they live, and that includes Costa Rica. Worldwide income is reportable, from your freelance writing gig to your side hustle teaching surfing in Tamarindo.

On the Costa Rican side, residents pay income tax on locally earned income, with rates that top out lower than U.S. federal brackets. The good news? Foreign retirement income (like Social Security) generally isn’t taxed in Costa Rica. The bad news? Double taxation can still loom if you don’t file correctly.

This is where the IRS offers some relief:

• The Foreign Earned Income Exclusion (Form 2555) lets qualifying expats exclude a set amount of wages.
• The Foreign Tax Credit (Form 1116) provides a dollar-for-dollar offset for income taxes paid to Costa Rica.
• Expats may also need to report foreign bank accounts through FBAR or FATCA if balances exceed certain thresholds.

Best places to live: Where American expats settle

One of the perks of Costa Rica? You can swap your view without ever leaving the country—volcanoes one month, beach the next. That’s why American expatriates tend to cluster in a handful of regions, each with its own flavor.

• Central Valley (San José, Escazú, Heredia): Cooler weather, modern amenities, and easy access to hospitals and schools. Great if you like city life with mountain views.
• Guanacaste (Liberia, Tamarindo): Sunshine almost year-round, plus an international airport. Expect higher real estate prices and plenty of surfboards.
• Pacific coast (Jacó, Nosara, Dominical): Beach towns with big expat communities. Perfect for those who like yoga studios and organic cafés within walking distance of the waves.
• Caribbean coast (Puerto Viejo, Limón): Quieter, cheaper, and more culturally diverse. Ideal if you prefer reggae beats over resort crowds.
• Urban centers (San José, Liberia): Bustling, practical, and a good fit if you need regular access to embassies, banking, or corporate work.

Wherever you land, expect a dose of “tico time”—Costa Rica’s famously laid-back approach to life. Great for your stress levels, not so great if you’re waiting on home repairs.

Expat community life in Costa Rica

Moving abroad is easier when you don’t have to do it solo—and Costa Rica makes plugging into an expat community surprisingly easy. Whether you’re in a bustling hub like San José or a sleepy surf town, you’ll find plenty of Americans and international living enthusiasts who’ve already blazed the trail.

• Clubs and organizations: From Rotary chapters to environmental groups, expats love to join forces for good causes—and socializing.
• Volunteer work: Animal rescues, beach clean-ups, and community development projects are popular ways to give back while making friends.
• Language learning: Spanish helps (a lot), but English is widely spoken in tourist areas. Expats often form bilingual friend groups, swapping language lessons over coffee.

Most importantly, the pura vida philosophy seeps into daily life. Relationships are built on friendliness, patience, and a shared appreciation of slow mornings and long sunsets. The result? Expat life in Costa Rica feels less like “starting over” and more like slipping into a well-worn hammock.

Safety and quality of life

Costa Rica is generally considered safe for day-to-day life, but homicide rates have risen in recent years—reaching some of the highest levels in Central America in 2023–2024. Most expats report feeling secure with basic precautions, though petty theft and crime in certain areas remain concerns.

While crime rates are a reality, expats often find that the rewards of living in Costa Rica—the natural beauty, community, and slower pace—far outweigh the risks when taking sensible precautions:

• Safety: Stick to common-sense precautions—don’t leave valuables on the beach, and lock your doors at night. Most expats feel secure day-to-day.
• Rainy season: Expect daily downpours from May to November. Annoying at times, yes—but it’s what keeps the landscape lush and beautiful.
• Outdoor lifestyle: Surfing, hiking, birdwatching, or just lounging in a hammock—year-round outdoor living is part of the package.
• Language: English is widely spoken in expat hubs, but learning Spanish opens doors to deeper friendships and smoother integration.

Together, these pieces create a pura vida way of life that blends safety, natural beauty, and community into one very livable package.

Pros and cons of living in Costa Rica as an American

Every paradise has its quirks, and Costa Rica is no exception. Here’s what most expats consider when weighing the move:

Pros

• Year-round natural beauty: From misty volcanoes to pristine national parks and endless beaches, the scenery is both everyday life and weekend entertainment.
• Friendly ticos: Locals are known for warmth and patience, making it easier for newcomers to feel at home.
• Affordable healthcare: The public Caja system offers comprehensive coverage, while private hospitals deliver quick, modern care at a fraction of U.S. prices.
• Laid-back lifestyle: The pura vida mindset encourages slowing down, focusing on relationships, and enjoying simple pleasures.
• Lower costs (in many areas): Rent, groceries, and domestic help are often far cheaper than in the U.S., though imported goods and cars can push budgets higher.

Cons

• Language barrier: Spanish is necessary for navigating government offices, medical visits, and daily life outside expat hubs.
• Bureaucracy: Residency applications, utilities, and property paperwork can be slow-moving and require persistence.
• Rainy season: From May to November, expect daily downpours that can wash out roads and complicate travel.
• Slower pace: “Tico time” makes for a stress-free culture, but it can frustrate Americans used to fast service and a quicker pace of life.

Making Costa Rica home—the smart way

Costa Rica offers a unique mix of natural beauty, community, and the pura vida lifestyle that keeps drawing Americans year after year. But moving abroad comes with its fair share of fine print—visas, healthcare, and yes, taxes that follow you no matter how far you travel.

That’s where Bright!Tax comes in. As the leading U.S. expat tax specialists, we help Americans in Costa Rica (and over 200 countries worldwide) simplify their filing, minimize their tax burden, and stay fully compliant with the IRS.

Ready to enjoy Costa Rica’s pura vida lifestyle without IRS stress? Let Bright!Tax handle the taxes so you can focus on the sunsets, not the spreadsheets.

Frequently Asked Questions